Molniya orbit provides good coverage of which region for communications?

• A. Arctic region
• B. Equatorial regions
• C. Antarctic region
• D. Mid-latitudes

Answer: (A)

Molniya orbit’s strength is its high inclination and its highly elliptical path, which makes the satellite linger over high latitudes. With an inclination around 63 degrees, the orbital plane passes over the polar regions, and the long, slow arc near apogee keeps the satellite visible to Arctic ground stations for an extended period. This extended visibility window is ideal for continuous or long-duration communications with the Arctic region, where coverage needs are greatest for many practical and strategic applications. The geometry means coverage for equatorial and mid-latitude areas is less favorable, while Arctic coverage is maximized, which is why this orbit provides good Arctic communications.